BASIC COMPONENTS (Book with 7 or More Authors)
For e-books, add the following:
ARRANGING AND FORMATTING COMPONENTS
AUTHOR NAMES
Last name first, followed by first initial and (if given) additional initials. No blank space between initials.
EXAMPLES
Cooper T
Berben SAA
Gausche-Hill M
de la Peña SK
List only the first three authors. Separate names with a comma. Do not add the word "and" before the final author name. Add a comma and the phrase "et al" after the third author, followed by a period.
EXAMPLES
Mohammed WS, Al-Makramani BMA, Mehta V, et al.
Williams J, Gustafson M, Bai Y, et al.
Villegas-Aguilar E, Ropero-Padilla C, Martin-Ibañez L, et al.
TITLE OF BOOK
Italicize the full title. Capitalize the first letter of major words. Articles, conjunctions, prepositions (3 or fewer letters), and the "to" in infinitives should all remain in lowercase. End with a period.
EXAMPLES
Everything I Know About Women I Learned From My Tractor.
How to Preserve Animal and Other Specimens in Clear Plastic.
Why Cats Paint: A Theory of Feline Aesthetics.
Electricity in Gynaecology: The Practical Uses of Electricity in Diseases of Women.
Knitting With Dog Hair: Better a Sweater From a Dog You Know and Love Than From a Sheep You'll Never Meet.
EDITION (if any)
Include edition information when given. Present numbers as ordinals--2nd, 3rd, 4th, etc. Do not superscript the letters (2nd = wrong; 2nd = right). Add the abbreviation "ed" followed by a period.
EXAMPLES
7th ed.
21st ed.
Rev ed.
5th rev ed.
Updated ed.
PUBLISHER NAME
Include the publisher's name as given on the title page, modifying it as follows:
Add a semicolon following the publisher's name.
EXAMPLES
Springer Pub. Co. ►►► Springer Pub Co;
W.W. Norton & Company ►►► WW Norton & Co;
Holt, Rinehart and Winston ►►► Holt Rinehart & Winston;
Neil M. Davis Associates ►►► Neil M Davis Associates;
The University of Chicago Press ►►► University of Chicago Press;
YEAR OF COPYRIGHT OR PUBLICATION DATE
Include the year of copyright/publication, followed by a period.
EXAMPLES
2020.
1953.
2001.
DATE OF ACCESS / URL (e-books only)
Include the word "Accessed" followed by the date of access (month day [comma] year) and a period. Do not abbreviate the month. Then add a stable URL for the book. Do not include a period after the URL.
EXAMPLES
Accessed September 14, 2016. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-84954-2
Accessed June 5, 2021. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/writing-the-north-of-england-in-the-middle-ages/29AA7816EAC2F439455E0C6D288658EB
Accessed February 29, 2020. https://openresearchlibrary.org/viewer/538289f7-0248-48ff-aac3-3bdfecfecb8b
SAMPLE REFERENCES (Book with 7 or More Authors)
Cullen DR, Fenter K, Garrett B, et al. Window to the World. 2nd ed. 9A Press; 2020.
Engelen E, Ertürk I, Froud J, et al. After the Great Complacence: Financial Crisis and the Politics of Reform. Oxford University Press; 2011. Accessed February 10, 2012. https://academic.oup.com/book/34598
Kunz CL, Schmedemann DA, Erlinder CP, et al. The Process of Legal Research. Little Brown & Co; 1986.
Olle TW, Hagelstein J, MacDonald IG, et al. Information Systems Methodologies: A Framework for Understanding. 2nd ed. Addison-Wesley; 1991.